The last level , assertion , is typically implemented through java code or through a dedicated assertion language such as schematron 最后一層,即斷言,通常使用java代碼或者專門的斷言語言如schematron來實現。
So that particular argument for extending the assertion language or for expressing contracts in english goes away at least in the long term 因此,有關擴展斷言語言和英語中的契約表述的爭論,在一個較長時期后將會沉寂下來。
This is just a short list of the types of program properties that can be expressed in a traditional assertion language - properties that any programmer would like in code 這只是可以用傳統(tǒng)斷言語言表示的程序特性類型的簡短列表所有程序員都希望在代碼中包含的特性:
We can now consider the three languages for the specification of an interface that is , the unit testing language , the assertion language , and the type system to form a hierarchy of expressiveness 現在我們可以考慮用接口規(guī)范的三種語言(它們是,單元測試語言、斷言語言和類型系統(tǒng))來形成表達的層次。
Let s take a quick look at three categories of common assertion properties common , but which don t offer us the full coverage we d like , compare them with the types of program properties that can be expressed in a traditional assertion language , and examine assertion properties that are necessary for a multithreading context but are impossible to express as conventional assertions 讓我們快速瀏覽三種類型常見的斷言特性(雖然是常見的,但它們沒有提供我們所需的完整范圍) ,將它們與可以用傳統(tǒng)斷言語言表示的程序特性的類型進行比較,并檢查多線程上下文所必需的,但不可能表示成常規(guī)斷言的斷言特性。